These conditions are rare in September, but not unheard of. In the warm months, only 40% of the time Sydney would get wind directions from the northwest or southwest, which are the dry winds flown from the heated interior of Australia.[105]. The early weather forecast is in ahead of the AFL grand final in Brisbane and, to the surprise of nobody who's lived in Brisbane as spring slowly turns into summer, there's a chance of a storm. There was a fall of snow; we made snowballs at Enmore and enjoyed the usual schoolboy amusements therewith". [14][15] In late autumn and winter, east coast lows can bring large amounts of rainfall. Dewpoints would be higher in late summer, reaching 20 °C (68 °F), especially in the mornings and evenings, although they would usually be lower in the heat of the day, dipping as low as 9 °C (48 °F) in the extremely hot day. The lowest recorded maximum temperature at Observatory Hill was 7.7 °C (45.9 °F). [128], Furthermore, 2018 in Sydney has been one of the driest in a century, with the Greater Western Sydney farming region being the worst affected. Summary statistics SYDNEY (OBSERVATORY HILL) A summary of the major climate … The inland suburbs would generally receive radiation fog thanks to nocturnal cooling under a clear sky of humid maritime air that was brought inland by the previous day's sea breeze. [74] The summer of 2013-14 was the driest in 72 years. At times, sea breezes do eventually reach the inland suburbs later in the day and would moderate the temperatures and raise humidity. [12][13] On some hot summer days, low pressure troughs increase humidity and southerly busters decrease temperatures by late afternoon or early evening. [91] Sometimes these afternoon showers give away to the sun again, although black nor'easters may provide rainfall for a few consecutive days. MacDonnell, Freda. [9], When temperatures reach over 30 °C (86 °F), the relative humidity seldom exceeds 45%, although low pressure troughs can increase humidity in some hot days, especially in late summer, where they may provide afternoon thunderstorms that are usually accompanied by heavy rainfall and, at times, hail. [80] On 7 January 2018, Sydney was the hottest place on Earth.
[100], Snow is extremely rare in Sydney and was last reported in the Sydney area in 1836. Heatwaves, which are regularly occurring in recent years, would usually lead to water restrictions and a high risk of bushfires, which sometimes bring a smoky haze to the city. Before King's Cross. East Coast Lows are low pressure depressions that can bring significant damage by heavy rain, cyclonic winds and huge swells. [62], Extreme, changeable and inconsistent temperatures are much more prevalent in spring than other seasons. Observatory Hill only received 17 mm (0.67 in) of rain in January. [123][124], In 2011, Sydney had the driest February in 30 years with only 18 mm (0.71 in) of rain falling, which is well below the average of 118 mm (4.6 in). [82] The highest recorded maximum temperature for the western suburbs was recorded at Penrith with a high of 48.9°C (120 °F) on 4 January 2020. Mag., 45, 251–60. ", "Sydney, New South Wales Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)", "GLOBAL ECOLOGICAL ZONING FOR THE GLOBAL FOREST RESOURCES ASSESSMENT 2000", http://www.bom.gov.au/jsp/ncc/cdio/weatherData/av?p_nccObsCode=122&p_display_type=dailyDataFile&p_startYear=2016&p_c=-872174116&p_stn_num=066037, http://www.bom.gov.au/jsp/ncc/cdio/weatherData/av?p_nccObsCode=123&p_display_type=dailyDataFile&p_startYear=2016&p_c=-872174312&p_stn_num=066037, "Climate statistics for Prospect Reservoir", Monthly mean maximum temperature for Sydney (Observatory Hill), Monthly mean maximum temperature for Bankstown Airport AWS, Monthly mean maximum temperature for Penrith Lakes AWS, Monthly mean maximum temperature for Prospect Reservoir, "Special Climate Statement 43 – extreme heat in January 2013", It’s peak jacaranda season: Here’s where to see them, in August 2013: Warm, dry, sunny end to winter, Climate Change in the Sydney Metropolitan Catchments, Sydney in 2010: 18th consecutive warm year, Special Climate Statement 27 - An exceptional summer heatwave in greater Sydney and the Hunter Valley. Sydney's climate appears to be becoming drier; The city has had fewer rain days in recent years than shown in the long-term climate table above. Major bushfires impacted western Sydney and the Blue Mountains, resulting in some evacuations, closed roads, and destroyed homes. The average daily maximum between 1859 and 2004 was 21.6 °C (70.9 °F). Much like the Santa Ana winds in California, they may elevate fire danger in the warmer months, typically in spring, due to their dry, gusty nature. As the moist air rises, it cools and it would condense, thereby creating precipitation on the upwind slopes. [9] The prevailing wind annually is northeasterly. The climate of Sydney is humid subtropical (Köppen Cfa), shifting from mild and cool in winter to warm and hot in the summer, with no extreme seasonal differences as the weather is moderated by proximity to the ocean, although more contrasting temperatures are recorded in the inland western suburbs.
Despite the fact that there is no distinct dry or wet season, rainfall peaks in the first half of the year and is at its lowest in the second half, though rainfall can be erratic throughout the year. Temperatures tend to be stable in late summer where they rarely go below 21 °C (70 °F) or over 40 °C (104 °F), unlike late spring and early summer where such extremes would occur. [127] In the late morning and early lunchtime of 22 November 2018, a dust storm, stretching about 500 kilometres, swept through Sydney due to a low pressure trough and cold front that picked up dry soil in drought-ridden areas of far western NSW that week. Storms are predicted for Saturday's AFL grand final at the Gabba. Water and the Land pages require JavaScript. Water supply is a recurring concern for the city during drought periods. Weather and Forecasting, 23, 205-218. [9], In the west, Liverpool and Richmond have 4 and 38 nights, respectively, where temperatures dip below 2 °C (36 °F). According to Köppen and Geiger, this climate is classified as Cfa. The climate of Sydney is humid subtropical (Köppen Cfa),[1] shifting from mild and cool in winter to warm and hot in the summer, with no extreme seasonal differences as the weather is moderated by proximity to the ocean,[2] although more contrasting temperatures are recorded in the inland western suburbs. [53] The western suburbs are significantly hotter than the Sydney CBD by 2–5 °C (4–9 °F) due to urban sprawl exacerbating the urban heat island effect and less exposure to mitigating sea breezes. (2008) Objective forecasting of foehn winds for a subgrid-scale alpine valley. The precipitation of December 2013 and January 2014, inclusively, only added up to 48.4 mm (1.91 in), which is only a quarter of a typical amount for December and January.
Hoinka, K.P. In mid-autumn, the highs typically average at a pleasant 22 °C (72 °F) or 23 ° C (73 ° F), rarely going above 30 °C (86 °F) or below 20 °C (68 °F). [16] When the subtropical ridge is north of Sydney in late winter to early spring, the wind would come from the west or inland. Wintry highs of 18 °C (64 °F) may be expected in the last week of autumn. Although, unlike late summer, the nights may be seemingly cooler and crispier. In some days, rain may come in drizzle form, though this is rare as most rain comes mostly from major storms. [95] The city is prone to severe hail storms, such as the 1947 Sydney hailstorm, wind storms, and flash flooding from rain caused either by East Coast Lows (such as the major storm in early June 2007) or ex-tropical cyclone remnants. [23][19], The transition from late summer to autumn is gradual, where noticeably cooler and crisper conditions taking in effect by around mid-April. Such low temperatures may provide mild to moderate frost in the western suburbs.
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