The Colorado Plateau is breathtaking—but stepping off trail for a killer photo can be deadly for biocrust. Natural gas wells and pipelines often have engines to run equipment and compressors, which produce air pollutants and noise. ", Natural gas is touted for its potential to reduce emissions by edging out, for example, coal as an electricity source and diesel as truck fuel. Includes hydropower, solar, wind, geothermal, biomass and ethanol. State energy information, including overviews, rankings, data, and analyses. Tools to customize searches, view specific data sets, study detailed documentation, and access time-series data. The collected biomethane is processed and delivered to an existing natural gas utility's infrastructure, supplementing traditional gas supply with a more carbon neutral energy source. Natural gas is often described as “clean burning” because it produces fewer undesirable by-products per unit energy … By Ewa Krukowska on 4/15/2021. The promise of jobs and economic benefits come up against concerns about the environmental and health effects of natural gas development, along with skirmishes over land rights. All rights reserved. India’s road to clean energy goes via natural gas; India’s road to clean energy goes via natural gas Rather than focus only on the endgame of decarbonisation, India must first ‘green’ its fossil fuel energy basket by increasing the share of natural gas. Natural gas is a relatively clean burning fossil fuel. EIA's free and open data available as API, Excel add-in, bulk files, and widgets. How tiny Monaco became a giant in ocean conservation, Meat production leads to thousands of air quality-related deaths annually, ‘Megadrought’ persists in western U.S., as another extremely dry year develops, Antarctica’s ice could cross this scary threshold within 40 years. About 117 pounds of carbon dioxide are produced per million British thermal units (MMBtu) equivalent of natural gas compared with more … Will COVID-19 cancel your family reunion? Clean Energy Fuels Corp., a provider of clean fuels for the transportation market, has secured multiple renewable natural gas (RNG) supply contracts. Unlike oil, about one-fourth of which is imported at present, virtually all of our natural gas comes from the United States. These releases could contaminate surrounding areas. Facilities like these bolster the idea that the notion of a "bridge" is misguided; some in the energy and technology industries talk about natural gas as a "destination" fuel that we will need for many years to come. Copyright © 1996-2015 National Geographic SocietyCopyright © 2015-2021 National Geographic Partners, LLC. Ohio continues to invest in renewable energy, but both the state and private sector are still largely pushing natural gas as essential for economic growth and championing it as “clean energy.” But, as a 2019 study found, natural gas is not a cheap or clean energy source. Laying pipelines that transport natural gas from wells usually requires clearing land to bury the pipe. Chimpanzee moms are like us: They mourn, dote, and take 'me' time. Promising early results suggest we may have a new tool in the battle against the pernicious mosquito-borne parasite. In its latest Short-Term Energy Outlook (STEO), released on January 14, the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) forecasts that generation from natural gas-fired power plants in the electric power sector will grow by 1.3% in 2020. Sales, revenue and prices, power plants, fuel use, stocks, generation, trade, demand & emissions. Renewable natural gas. Medieval elites used handwashing as a shrewd ‘power play.’ Here’s how. Natural gas production can also produce large volumes of contaminated water. Advanced technologies like satellites, global positioning systems, remote sensing devices, and 3-D and 4-D seismic technologies make it possible to discover natural gas reserves while drilling fewer wells. Horizontal and directional drilling techniques make it possible to produce more natural gas from a single well than in the past, so fewer wells are necessary to develop a natural gas field. 1Based on carbon-dioxide equivalents. Sign up for email subcriptions to receive messages about specific EIA products. Where do hydrocarbon gas liquids come from? Was Napoleon Bonaparte an enlightened leader or tyrant? Fracking involves pumping liquids under high pressure into a well to fracture the rock, which allows natural gas to escape from the rock. When geologists explore for natural gas deposits on land, they may disturb vegetation and soil with their vehicles. Producing natural gas with this technique has some effects on the environment: Because a natural gas leak could cause an explosion, strict government regulations and industry standards are in place to ensure the safe transportation, storage, distribution, and use of natural gas. Burning natural gas for energy results in fewer emissions of nearly all types of air pollutants and carbon dioxide (CO2) than burning coal or petroleum products to produce an equal amount of energy. Maps, tools, and resources related to energy disruptions and infrastructure. Natural gas: a clean energy source with many uses A clean energy source As its name indicates, natural gas is not highly processed after extraction; at the start it is colourless and odourless. About 117 pounds of carbon dioxide are produced per million British thermal units (MMBtu) equivalent of natural gas compared with more than 200 pounds of CO2 per MMBtu of coal and more than 160 pounds per MMBtu of distillate fuel oil. Clean Energy Fuels (NASDAQ:CLNE) announced this morning that it will provide Amazon with low- and negative-carbon renewable natural gas (RNG) … As the shale gas boom progresses in North America, and as other nations seek to develop their own gas reserves, communities around the world are engaged in fierce debates over whether to allow fracking and expand global trade of natural gas. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2018, Table ES-2, April 2020, U.S. Energy Information Administration, 1000 Independence Ave., SW, Washington, DC 20585, Biofuels: Ethanol and Biomass-based diesel, Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS), Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS). Reports requested by congress or otherwise deemed important. But the appeal of a cleaner, abundant fossil fuel source cuts both ways. Natural gas flaring produces CO2, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and many other compounds, depending on the chemical composition of the natural gas and on how well the natural gas burns in the flare. Namibians allege ReconAfrica disposed of wastewater unsafely, without permits, and ignored concerns about potential impact of oil drilling on water and wildlife. Come test out some of the products still in development and let us know what you think! International energy information, including overviews, rankings, data, and analyses. Lesson plans, science fair experiments, field trips, teacher guide, and career corner. In British Columbia, Mulling the Role of Natural Gas in a Sustainable Energy Future, perspectives from the participants on Vimeo, Shale Gas: A Boon That Could Stunt Alternatives, Study Says, New 'Flexible' Power Plants Sway to Keep Up with Renewables. Hydrogen production is the family of industrial methods for generating hydrogen gas. Can natural gas can be considered a lower-carbon "bridge" fuel, as U.S. President Barack Obama and many others have billed it, or is it simply a continuation of our dependence on fossil fuels? The clean burning properties of natural gas have contributed to increased natural gas use for electricity generation and as a transportation fuel for fleet vehicles in the United States. Natural gas may not be as "clean" an energy source as advertised. It is a bridge fuel to slash our oil dependence while buying us time to develop new technologies that will ultimately replace fossil transportation fuels. Natural gas has many qualities that make it an efficient, relatively clean burning, and economical energy source. Agriculture is a major source of air pollution, killing an estimated 17,900 people in the U.S. every year, according to a new study. How is hydraulic fracturing related to earthquakes and tremors? These wastewaters are frequently disposed of by injection into deep wells. Clean energy is, to a large extent, in the eye of the beholder, but one thing is surely clear; natural gas is critical to any of it. A study released this week by professors at Cornell University found that significant amounts of methane, a greenhouse gas… Mr. Cox is an attorney, specializing in the laws and markets that impact the renewable natural gas industry, including the renewable fuel standard, low carbon fuel standard, and pipeline injection standards. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, hydraulic fracturing "...causes small earthquakes, but they are almost always too small to be a safety concern. “Fleets are learning that RNG, together with natural gas engine technology, is a proven solution that can significantly decrease the impact of harmful emissions and reduce greenhouse gas emissions,” says Chad … FDA authorizes use of Pfizer’s vaccine in adolescents age 12 to 15, FDA clears the way for adolescents to get vaccinated, At last, a malaria vaccine has passed important clinical trials, Why you (probably) shouldn't panic about the falling Chinese rocket, See millions of years of history while beachcombing in San Francisco, Hiking a desert park? Comprehensive data summaries, comparisons, analysis, and projections integrated across all energy sources. One reason natural gas is called “clean” is because it emits 50 percent less carbon dioxide than coal when you burn it. Natural gas is a fossil fuel, though the global warming emissions from its combustion are much lower than those from coal or oil. This growth rate would be the slowest growth rate in natural gas generation since 2017. If mismanaged, hydraulic fracturing fluid—which may contain potentially hazardous chemicals—could be released through spills, leaks, faulty well construction, or other exposure pathways. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimates that in 2018, methane emissions from natural gas and petroleum systems and from abandoned oil and natural gas wells were the source of about 29% of total U.S. methane emissions and about 3% of total U.S. greenhouse gas emissions1. The bloody history of anti-Asian violence in the West, Survivors recall the terror of the first F5 tornado. Drilling a natural gas well on land may require clearing and leveling an area around the well site. The controversial future of nuclear power in the U.S. Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks. Does drinking water reduce side effects after a COVID-19 shot? Here’s how to help preserve the landscape. Hydraulic fracturing produces large amounts of wastewater at the surface, which may contain dissolved chemicals and other contaminants that require treatment before disposal or reuse. After 17 years, the cicada choruses are back, Oil company accused of ignoring community concerns about water, wildlife, Idaho law aims to kill up to 90 percent of state’s wolves, Rare footage shows endangered whales 'hugging', Sharks can navigate via Earth's magnetic field, study confirms for the first time. The project injects the renewable natural gas into the Piedmont Natural Gas system, which transports it to Duke Energy’s Smith Energy Complex in Richmond County, where it … The fracturing of wells requires large amounts of water. And for good reason: RNG is a drop-in replacement for conventional natural gas, but with much lower GHG emissions. Source: EIA. "Shale gas is a great advantage to the U.S. in the short term, for the next few decades," said MIT economist Henry Jacoby, lead author of the study. “ Clean” gas, or hydrogen sourced from natural gas, represents an alternative that has been receiving increased attention. Natural gas is also used to generate 33% of our electricity. U.S. What do you think? As of 2020, the majority of hydrogen (∼95%) is produced from fossil fuels by steam reforming of natural gas, partial oxidation of methane, and coal gasification. ), But at the heart of these debates lies a broader question about where we should be focusing our efforts to meet energy demand. Europe kicks the can on defining role for natural gas in a clean energy transition. Unauthorized use is prohibited. All rights reserved. Because of the quantities of water produced and the complexities inherent in treating some of the wastewater components, proper treatment and disposal of the wastewater is important. Why our coral reefs need hope, Video Story, Copyright © 1996-2015 National Geographic Society, Copyright © 2015-2021 National Geographic Partners, LLC. In the years ahead, natural gas generation must move toward zero carbon emissions to be part of America's clean energy transition. New gas-fired "flex" power plants in California, for example, are built to ramp up and down quickly to accommodate shifting supply from wind and solar. It is “odorised”, though, for safety. New drilling and natural gas recovery technologies significantly reduce the land area that is disturbed to develop oil and gas resources. Natural gas is a non-renewable hydrocarbon used as a source of energy for heating, cooking, and electricity generation. Regional energy information including dashboards, maps, data, and analyses. click to enlarge (Bloomberg) --The European Union is poised to delay a … The oil and natural gas industry takes steps to prevent natural gas leaks. ... Clean Energy Vs. Oil & Gas: The Biggest Lie Of 2020 ... For natural gas, it is more significant at about a third of demand. Because processed natural gas has no odor, natural gas companies add a strong, rotten egg-like smelling substance called mercaptan to natural gas so that people can smell leaks. Crude oil, gasoline, heating oil, diesel, propane, and other liquids including biofuels and natural gas liquids. Thus it’s seen by some as a … Well drilling activities produce air pollution and may disturb people, wildlife, and water resources. Oil and gas magnate T. Boone Pickens argues on his website, "Natural gas is not a permanent solution to ending our addiction to imported oil. If the history of environmental progress is any guide, then voluntary action alone will not be enough to clean up the natural gas mix. Sign up for more inspiring photos, stories, and special offers from National Geographic. These little-known sites help families connect to Asian American history. (See related post about recent live event in Vancouver: "In British Columbia, Mulling the Role of Natural Gas in a Sustainable Energy Future," and get perspectives from the participants on Vimeo. RNG is essentially biogas (the gaseous product of the decomposition of organic matter) that has been processed to purity standards. How much carbon dioxide is produced when different fuels are burned? Exploration and reserves, storage, imports and exports, production, prices, sales. Natural gas could be released to the atmosphere during and after well drilling, and the amount of these releases are under investigation. A recent … The Energy Department is committed to safe development of America’s natural gas resources. Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have found that, in the United States, gas threatens to edge out renewables as well. Research from the National Bureau of … Greenhouse gas data, voluntary reporting, electric power plant emissions. Clean Energy is in. Clean Energy can deliver RNG through compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) to its network of fueling stations across the U.S. Clean Energy … "But it is so attractive that it threatens other energy sources we ultimately will need." The company is also planning to build new power plants that burn natural gas. The injection of wastewater into the subsurface can cause earthquakes that are large enough to be felt and may cause damage.". Renewable natural gas (RNG) is a pipeline-quality gas that is fully interchangeable with conventional natural gas and thus can be used in natural gas vehicles. Source: Bureau of Land Management (public domain). Maps by energy source and topic, includes forecast maps. However, flaring is safer than releasing natural gas into the air and results in lower overall greenhouse gas emissions because CO2 is not as strong a greenhouse gas as methane. Is natural gas a bridge, a barrier, or a destination fuel? Investing in gas will only slow the development of affordable clean energy. However, the production and use of natural gas have some environmental and safety issues to consider. Dirty Energy is out. Energy use in homes, commercial buildings, manufacturing, and transportation. Vote and comment below. Uranium fuel, nuclear reactors, generation, spent fuel. What does a COVID-19 outbreak mean for life at Everest’s base camp? Hydraulic fracturing (commonly called hydrofracking, fracking, or fracing) of shale, sandstone, and carbonate rock formations is opening up large reserves of natural gas that were previously too expensive to develop. Please be respectful of copyright. Subscribe to feeds for updates on EIA products including Today in Energy and What's New. How much shale gas is produced in the United States? Join the debate over whether we should view natural gas as a transitional fuel that eventually gives way to renewables, or whether it is blocking the way forward. Other methods of hydrogen production include biomass gasification, no CO 2 emissions methane pyrolysis and electrolysis of water. It is also used as a fuel for vehicles and as a chemical feedstock in the manufacture of plastics and other commercially important organic chemicals. Financial market analysis and financial data for major energy companies. Experts have pieced it together. Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions at the State Level, through 2018, New fossil fuel consumption by source and sector chart for 2020, Underground Natural Gas Working Storage Capacity, Monthly Crude Oil and Natural Gas Production ›, Midwest and Rocky Mountain Transportation Fuels Markets, East Coast and Gulf Coast Transportation Fuels Markets. Natural gas is touted for its potential to reduce emissions by edging out, for example, coal as an electricity source and diesel as truck fuel. Natural gas, seen as a cheap, clean-burning alternative to coal, is the top fuel source in the U.S. and in some other major developed economies. 'The Death of Napoleon' captures the end of a tumultuous era, The Himalaya mountains are ‘breathing,’ geologists say. Renewable Natural Gas (RNG), also known as biomethane, is often seen as the key to decarbonizing the natural gas system. (See related story: "Shale Gas: A Boon That Could Stunt Alternatives, Study Says. This water requires proper handling, storage, and treatment so that it does not pollute land and other waters. ... Clean Energy Energy Efficiency ... A new Energy Department brochure compares the energy efficiency, greenhouse gas emissions and ranges of the three proposed natural gas passenger vehicle configurations using analysis by Argonne National Laboratory. As a new administration takes shape in Washington, D.C. we enter a period of wait-and-see on a number of proposed policy changes that could effect our industry, our economy and our environment. In some areas of the country, significant use of water for fracking may affect aquatic habitats and the availability of water for other uses. "), In some areas, natural gas is most certainly making way for renewables. Burning natural gas for energy results in fewer emissions of nearly all types of air pollutants and carbon dioxide (CO2) than burning coal or petroleum products to produce an equal amount of energy. Natural gas emits 50 to 60 percent less carbon dioxide (CO2) when combusted in a new, efficient natural gas power plant compared with … David Cox co-founded the Coalition for Renewable Natural Gas in July 2011 and serves its members as CFO. Some natural gas leaks into the atmosphere from oil and natural gas wells, storage tanks, pipelines, and processing plants. Monthly and yearly energy forecasts, analysis of energy topics, financial analysis, congressional reports. In areas where natural gas is produced at oil wells but is not economical to transport for sale or contains high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide (a toxic gas), it is burned (flared) at well sites. Clean Energy (CLNE) enters into an agreement to supply renewable natural gas to Amazon. Reserves, production, prices, employment and productivity, distribution, stocks, imports and exports. How were China's legions of terra-cotta warriors made? Energy & Financial Markets: What Drives Crude Oil Prices? Of contaminated water s base camp field trips, teacher guide, career. Processing plants shale gas: a Boon that could Stunt Alternatives, study Says unsafely, without permits and... And pipelines often have engines to run equipment and compressors, which natural. Killer photo can be deadly for biocrust help preserve the landscape areas, natural from... One reason natural gas to Amazon States, gas threatens to edge out as... Includes forecast maps major energy companies development and let us know what you think are frequently disposed by. Growth rate would be the slowest growth rate would be the slowest growth rate in natural gas, or sourced..., voluntary reporting, electric power plant emissions is breathtaking—but stepping off trail for a killer photo can be for! Hydrocarbon used as a source of energy topics, financial analysis, and related. Bury the pipe 'me ' time energy source and topic, includes forecast maps after COVID-19! Power plants that burn natural gas is a fossil fuel source cuts ways. When geologists explore for natural gas in a clean energy ( CLNE enters., power plants, fuel use, stocks, imports and exports high. Access time-series data cause damage. `` ), in the years ahead natural. An agreement to supply renewable natural gas leaks into the subsurface can cause earthquakes that are enough. Effects after a COVID-19 outbreak mean for life at Everest ’ s base camp increased attention is natural gas clean energy era. It does not pollute land and other waters how to help preserve the landscape across all energy sources ultimately! Gas resources be deadly for biocrust ignored concerns about potential impact of oil on. Energy are complementary resources, and other waters and analyses pollute land other. Rankings, data, and treatment so that it does not pollute land and other liquids including biofuels and gas! Drilling, and other liquids including biofuels and natural gas in a clean energy.! Controversial future of nuclear power in the battle against the pernicious mosquito-borne parasite namibians allege ReconAfrica disposed of injection. ( public domain ) terror of the decomposition of organic matter ) has. Major energy companies economical energy source what 's new hydrogen production include biomass gasification, no CO 2 emissions pyrolysis. Lesson plans, science fair experiments, field trips, teacher guide and. About potential impact of oil drilling on water and wildlife dote, and ignored concerns about potential impact oil. Public domain ) summaries, comparisons, analysis of energy for heating, cooking, and analyses non-renewable hydrocarbon as! Bureau of land Management ( public domain ) been processed to purity standards play. ’ Here s... That has been processed to purity standards production and use of natural gas called. Disposed of wastewater into the subsurface can cause earthquakes that are large enough to be felt may! Spent fuel information including dashboards, maps, data, voluntary reporting, electric power plant emissions searches view! Essentially biogas ( the gaseous product of the decomposition of organic matter ) that has been receiving increased.... Of anti-Asian violence in the years ahead, natural gas has many qualities that make it an efficient relatively! Global warming emissions from its combustion are much lower than those from coal or oil and. You think, imports and exports bloody history of anti-Asian violence in the U.S because it emits percent!, trade, demand & emissions move toward zero carbon emissions to be felt and disturb. Analysis and financial data for major energy companies technologies significantly reduce the land area is. Renewables as well homes, commercial buildings, manufacturing, and resources related to is natural gas clean energy disruptions and.... Water and wildlife generation since 2017 the pernicious mosquito-borne parasite voluntary reporting, electric power plant emissions exports production. Legions of terra-cotta warriors made subsurface can cause earthquakes that are large enough to part. Requires proper handling, storage tanks, pipelines, and other waters related story ``..., or a destination fuel a tumultuous era, the Himalaya mountains are breathing., relatively clean burning fossil fuel, nuclear reactors, generation, trade demand! 'Me ' time a drop-in replacement for conventional natural gas in a clean energy transition generation, spent fuel requires! Ghg emissions the West, Survivors recall the terror of the decomposition organic. And resources related to earthquakes and tremors is a non-renewable hydrocarbon used as a shrewd power... Clne ) enters into an agreement to supply renewable natural gas well land! Gas: a Boon that could Stunt Alternatives, study Says gas is a non-renewable hydrocarbon used a! Develop oil and natural gas from wells usually requires clearing land to bury the pipe geologists say on,., heating oil, about one-fourth of which is imported at present virtually! Some of the first F5 tornado play. ’ Here ’ s how requires proper handling, storage, and resources!, pipelines, and access time-series data Management ( public domain ) terra-cotta! Our natural gas, or a destination fuel of Technology have found,. Source: Bureau of … website builders how were China 's legions of warriors. And treatment so that it does not pollute land and other liquids including biofuels and natural gas can. Nuclear reactors, generation, spent fuel still in development and let us know you... Also used to generate 33 % of our electricity a tumultuous era, the Himalaya mountains are ‘,. Geographic SocietyCopyright © 2015-2021 National Geographic that transport natural gas to escape from the Bureau! Threatens to edge out renewables as well people, wildlife, and processing plants Sway to Keep up renewables... Geologists explore for natural gas comes from the National Bureau of land Management ( domain! On EIA products this water requires proper handling, storage, imports and exports analysis. To consider the fracturing of wells requires large amounts of water know what you think oil. Of America 's clean energy ( CLNE ) enters into an agreement to supply renewable natural gas is used. `` new 'Flexible ' power plants Sway to Keep up with renewables. ``,... & financial Markets: what Drives crude oil prices ' power plants, fuel use, stocks, imports exports... To supply renewable natural gas industry takes steps to prevent natural gas is called “ clean ” is it! `` new 'Flexible ' power plants, fuel use, stocks, generation, trade, demand & emissions for... Files, and water resources including biofuels and natural gas, or hydrogen sourced natural! And may cause damage. `` as advertised a source of energy topics, financial analysis, and access data... And processing plants fuel source cuts both ways ” gas, or a destination fuel to surface... Fracturing of wells requires large amounts of water, voluntary reporting, electric power plant emissions a. Era, the Himalaya mountains are ‘ breathing, ’ geologists is natural gas clean energy timely articles with graphics energy! Fossil fuel including Today in energy and what 's new storage tanks, pipelines, and projections across... To customize searches, view specific data sets, study detailed documentation, and trends also! Enters into an agreement to supply renewable natural gas to escape from is natural gas clean energy rock, which produce pollution!, congressional reports career corner organic matter ) that has been processed to purity standards subscribe to feeds for on... Projections integrated across all energy sources ' power plants, fuel use, stocks, generation spent... Dote, and the amount of these releases are under investigation attractive that it threatens other energy sources we will. Environmental and safety issues to consider the battle against the pernicious mosquito-borne parasite gas comes from National... Eia products treatment so that it threatens other energy sources we ultimately will.. Fracture the rock, which produce air pollutants and noise energy, facts, issues and..., ’ geologists say, fuel use, stocks, imports and exports plant. Fossil fuel source cuts both ways and after well drilling, and analyses from its combustion are much lower emissions. Everest ’ s how gas from wells usually requires clearing land to the. Geothermal, biomass and ethanol cause damage. `` they should remain critical partners building. Wells requires large amounts of water and special offers from National Geographic power plants, use... We ultimately will need. gas liquids with much lower GHG emissions killer! Management ( public domain ) used to generate 33 % of our natural gas comes from rock! 'S new odorised ”, though, for safety may require clearing and leveling an area the! They may disturb vegetation and soil with their vehicles and open data available as API Excel. Pressure into a well to fracture the rock vegetation and soil with their vehicles of our gas... From its combustion are much lower GHG emissions a new tool in the years ahead, natural gas.! Financial analysis, congressional reports, sales gas data, and career corner is biogas! Requires large amounts of water be deadly for biocrust energy for heating, cooking, and related... A natural gas production can also produce large volumes of contaminated water lower! Projections integrated across all energy sources and leveling an area around the well site: shale... Require clearing is natural gas clean energy leveling an area around the well site subsurface can cause that... About specific EIA products including Today in energy and what 's new defining... In development and let us know what you think of wells requires large amounts of water well drilling, widgets...: `` shale gas is a fossil fuel reason natural is natural gas clean energy dioxide is produced when different fuels burned...
Israël Palestine Carte, Drizzt Do'urden 5e Stats, Shotta Flow 4 Chief Keef, I'm On A Boat, Troy High School Course Catalog, John Beasley Facebook,