The photic zone includes the oceans from the surface to a depth of 200 m; it is the region where photosynthesis can occur and is, therefore, the most biodiverse.
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Their estimates are strikingly similar. Marine Chemistry. Interesting Ocean Animals Facts: Approximately 72% of the surface of the planet is covered by salt water. Thus, oceanic waters in polar regions have lower salinity content than oceanic waters in temperate and tropical regions.[54].
Extraterrestrial oceans may be composed of water or other elements and compounds. [63], A global layer of liquid water thick enough to decouple the crust from the mantle is thought to be present on the natural satellites Titan, Europa, Enceladus and, with less certainty, Callisto, Ganymede[64][65] and Triton. Mid Atlantic Ridge is widely studied topic even today and many sub-theories are being put forward to explain effects of heat loss, dynamics of the ocean at large scale etc. Where's the rest of it? Share on Facebook Share on Twitter.
Waves and swell. Early in their geologic histories, Mars and Venus are theorized to have had large water oceans. Other possible candidates are merely speculated based on their mass and position in the habitable zone include planet though little is actually known of their composition. Scientists call these statistics the "wow factor" of ocean trash. 21.
Accordingly, when the sea depth increases, the rotation of the earth changes the direction of currents in proportion with the increase of depth, while friction lowers their speed. For a discussion of the possibilities of changes to the thermohaline circulation under global warming, see shutdown of thermohaline circulation.
[15][16] The concept of a continuous body of water with relatively free interchange among its parts is of fundamental importance to oceanography. It tends to collect in the world's five large gyres, which are large systems of spiraling currents. They feed on marine animals and spend most of their lifetime on water, many only going on land for breeding. SHARES.
In littoral zones, breaking waves are so intense and the depth measurement so low, that maritime currents reach often 1 to 2 knots. ", Ocean Trash: 5.25 Trillion Pieces and Counting, but Big Questions Remain, VIDEO: How We Can Keep Plastics Out of Our Ocean. Surface heat and freshwater fluxes create global density gradients that drive the thermohaline circulation part of large-scale ocean circulation. making it an ocean planet. "We now have two estimates of what is floating, and they are almost identical," says Lavender Law.
In so far as the thermohaline circulation governs the rate at which deep waters reach the surface, it may also significantly influence atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations.
The Mars ocean hypothesis suggests that nearly a third of the surface of Mars was once covered by water, and a runaway greenhouse effect may have boiled away the global ocean of Venus. Tsunamis are capable of poisoning both the soil and freshwater sources. They usually form in the ocean following an earthquake, a volcanic eruption, or a landslide. [56] Other icy moons may also have internal oceans, or may once have had internal oceans that have now frozen.[69].
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current encircles that continent, influencing the area's climate and connecting currents in several oceans. Oceans are also the major supply source for the fishing industry. The area of the World Ocean is about 361.9 million square kilometers (139.7 million square miles),[9] which covers about 70.9% of Earth's surface, and its volume is approximately 1.335 billion cubic kilometers (320.3 million cubic miles). [37], This acceleration of the current takes place in the direction of waves and dominant wind. 2020 National Geographic Partners, LLC. Typical seawater freezes at around −2 °C at atmospheric pressure.
To compound matters, 85 percent of the world's plastic is not recycled.
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